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Sound money is the result when interest rates are above the rate of inflation, a development that is expected to persist in the years ahead. In the meantime, the transition to a higher interest rate environment has no doubt challenged investors, who have endured historical losses in bonds and high volatility in stocks. But make no mistake: This str...

By assessing the impact of global warming and the transition to “net zero” on the economy, this paper focuses on three dimensions: the direct physical impact of higher temperatures, the effect of stricter environmental policies, and the boost from greater “green investment” to help mitigate and adapt to climate change. While the physical impact of ...

Slowing population growth is a global phenomenon. From this research report, learn how to establish a framework by which to understand the dynamics between demographics and economics, along with the likely effect on economic growth and financial markets in the coming decades.

It’s no secret that artificial intelligence (AI) is a pivotal force in the current technological transformation. But as Vanguard Global Chief Economist Joe Davis explains and as their research on AI, demographics, and the U.S. economy suggests, it may not be wise to focus solely on tech stocks for investment outperformance. In this discussion ...

While “investing success” can mean different things to different investors, determining its meaning is essential to understanding what path to follow. Toward that end, there are four principles that provide a solid framework for improving the chances of investment success: goals, balance, cost, and discipline. By incorporating these guiding princip...

For many investors, fund-of-funds (FOFs) are the only way to replicate a large, diversified private equity (PE) program and is preferable to constructing a PE program oneself. Another important benefit of a FOF is the ability to aggregate hundreds of potential underlying portfolio capital calls into just a few. On the operational side, FOFs can red...

The good fortune of high productivity growth and a surge in available labor has propelled the U.S. economy, while other economies have been less lucky. A key risk to the U.S. outlook is the potential waning of the positive supply-side factors, though expansionary fiscal policy may cushion any negative impact on growth as the era of sound money...

The U.S. economy’s coming decade will be shaped by a tug-of-war between artificial intelligence (AI) and demographics-driven deficits. The victor—and its margin of victory—will determine whether economic growth exceeds its disappointing pace since the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. By focusing on four key variables and assigning probabilitie...